A year of terror and a century of reflection: perspectives on the great influenza pandemic of 1918–1919
Identifieur interne : 000382 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000381; suivant : 000383A year of terror and a century of reflection: perspectives on the great influenza pandemic of 1918–1919
Auteurs : Michaela E. Nickol ; Jason KindrachukSource :
- BMC Infectious Diseases [ 1471-2334 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Amérique du Nord (épidémiologie), Antiviraux (pharmacologie), Asie (épidémiologie), Europe (épidémiologie), Flambées de maladies, Grippe humaine (histoire), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Grippe humaine (étiologie), Histoire du 20ème siècle, Humains, Santé mondiale, Santé publique, Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A (pathogénicité), Vaccins antigrippaux (pharmacologie).
- MESH :
- histoire : Grippe humaine.
- pathogénicité : Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A.
- pharmacologie : Antiviraux, Vaccins antigrippaux.
- épidémiologie : Amérique du Nord, Asie, Europe, Grippe humaine.
- étiologie : Grippe humaine.
- Flambées de maladies, Histoire du 20ème siècle, Humains, Santé mondiale, Santé publique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Antiviral Agents (pharmacology), Asia (epidemiology), Disease Outbreaks, Europe (epidemiology), Global Health, History, 20th Century, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (pathogenicity), Influenza Vaccines (pharmacology), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (etiology), Influenza, Human (history), North America (epidemiology), Public Health.
- MESH :
- chemical , pharmacology : Antiviral Agents, Influenza Vaccines.
- geographic , epidemiology : Asia, Europe, North America.
- epidemiology : Influenza, Human.
- etiology : Influenza, Human.
- history : Influenza, Human.
- pathogenicity : Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype.
- Disease Outbreaks, Global Health, History, 20th Century, Humans, Public Health.
Abstract
In the spring of 1918, the “War to End All Wars”, which would ultimately claim more than 37 million lives, had entered into its final year and would change the global political and economic landscape forever. At the same time, a new global threat was emerging and would become one of the most devastating global health crises in recorded history.
The 1918 H1N1 pandemic virus spread across Europe, North America, and Asia over a 12-month period resulting in an estimated 500 million infections and 50–100 million deaths worldwide, of which ~ 50% of these occurred within the fall of 1918 (Emerg Infect Dis 12:15-22, 2006, Bull Hist Med 76:105-115, 2002). However, the molecular factors that contributed to the emergence of, and subsequent public health catastrophe associated with, the 1918 pandemic virus remained largely unknown until 2005, when the characterization of the reconstructed pandemic virus was announced heralding a new era of advanced molecular investigations (Science 310:77-80, 2005). In the century following the emergence of the 1918 pandemic virus we have landed on the Moon, developed the electronic computer (and a global internet), and have eradicated smallpox. In contrast, we have a largely remedial knowledge and understanding of one of the greatest scourges in recorded history.
Here, we reflect on the 1918 influenza pandemic, including its emergence and subsequent rapid global spread. In addition, we discuss the pathophysiology associated with the 1918 virus and its predilection for the young and healthy, the rise of influenza therapeutic research following the pandemic, and, finally, our level of preparedness for future pandemics.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3750-8
PubMed: 30727970
PubMed Central: 6364422
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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Nickol</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kindrachuk, Jason" sort="Kindrachuk, Jason" uniqKey="Kindrachuk J" first="Jason" last="Kindrachuk">Jason Kindrachuk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2334</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents (pharmacology)</term><term>Asia (epidemiology)</term><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Europe (epidemiology)</term><term>Global Health</term><term>History, 20th Century</term><term>Humans</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (pathogenicity)</term><term>Influenza Vaccines (pharmacology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (etiology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (history)</term><term>North America (epidemiology)</term><term>Public Health</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Amérique du Nord (épidémiologie)</term><term>Antiviraux (pharmacologie)</term><term>Asie (épidémiologie)</term><term>Europe (épidémiologie)</term><term>Flambées de maladies</term><term>Grippe humaine (histoire)</term><term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term><term>Grippe humaine (étiologie)</term><term>Histoire du 20ème siècle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Santé mondiale</term><term>Santé publique</term><term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A (pathogénicité)</term><term>Vaccins antigrippaux (pharmacologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Influenza Vaccines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Asia</term><term>Europe</term><term>North America</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="histoire" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="history" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antiviraux</term><term>Vaccins antigrippaux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Amérique du Nord</term><term>Asie</term><term>Europe</term><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="étiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Global Health</term><term>History, 20th Century</term><term>Humans</term><term>Public Health</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Flambées de maladies</term><term>Histoire du 20ème siècle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Santé mondiale</term><term>Santé publique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p id="Par1">In the spring of 1918, the “War to End All Wars”, which would ultimately claim more than 37 million lives, had entered into its final year and would change the global political and economic landscape forever. At the same time, a new global threat was emerging and would become one of the most devastating global health crises in recorded history.</p></sec><sec><title>Main text</title><p id="Par2">The 1918 H1N1 pandemic virus spread across Europe, North America, and Asia over a 12-month period resulting in an estimated 500 million infections and 50–100 million deaths worldwide, of which ~ 50% of these occurred within the fall of 1918 (Emerg Infect Dis 12:15-22, 2006, Bull Hist Med 76:105-115, 2002). However, the molecular factors that contributed to the emergence of, and subsequent public health catastrophe associated with, the 1918 pandemic virus remained largely unknown until 2005, when the characterization of the reconstructed pandemic virus was announced heralding a new era of advanced molecular investigations (Science 310:77-80, 2005). In the century following the emergence of the 1918 pandemic virus we have landed on the Moon, developed the electronic computer (and a global internet), and have eradicated smallpox. In contrast, we have a largely remedial knowledge and understanding of one of the greatest scourges in recorded history.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p id="Par3">Here, we reflect on the 1918 influenza pandemic, including its emergence and subsequent rapid global spread. In addition, we discuss the pathophysiology associated with the 1918 virus and its predilection for the young and healthy, the rise of influenza therapeutic research following the pandemic, and, finally, our level of preparedness for future pandemics.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iuliano, Ad" uniqKey="Iuliano A">AD Iuliano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roguski, Km" uniqKey="Roguski K">KM Roguski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Hh" uniqKey="Chang H">HH Chang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muscatello, Dj" uniqKey="Muscatello D">DJ Muscatello</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palekar, R" uniqKey="Palekar R">R Palekar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tempia, S" uniqKey="Tempia S">S Tempia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, C" uniqKey="Cohen C">C Cohen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gran, Jm" uniqKey="Gran J">JM Gran</name></author><author><name 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sortKey="Moreno, A" uniqKey="Moreno A">A Moreno</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nicholson, Kg" uniqKey="Nicholson K">KG Nicholson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hay, Aj" uniqKey="Hay A">AJ Hay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Rb" uniqKey="Webster R">RB Webster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grove, Rdha" uniqKey="Grove R">RDHA Grove</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Linder, Fegr" uniqKey="Linder F">FEGR Linder</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Kindrachuk, Jason" sort="Kindrachuk, Jason" uniqKey="Kindrachuk J" first="Jason" last="Kindrachuk">Jason Kindrachuk</name><name sortKey="Nickol, Michaela E" sort="Nickol, Michaela E" uniqKey="Nickol M" first="Michaela E." 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